Actuation systems for flight



 
Conventional Mechanical 
 
Pilot input mechanically connected to flight control hydraulic servo-actuator by cables, linkages, bellcranks
Servo-actuator follows pilot command with high force output
Autopilot input mechanically summed
Manual reversion in case of loss of hydraulics or autopilot malfunction 
 
 
 
 
Fly-by-Wire 
 
Pilot input read by computers
Computer provides input to electrohydraulic flight control actuator
Control laws include
Enhanced logic to automate many functions
Artificial damping and stability
Flight Envelope Protection to prevent airframe from exceeding structural limits
Multiple computers and actuators provide sufficient redundancy – no manual reversion